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Queue tree creates only one directional queue in one of the HTBs. It is also the only way how to add queue on the separate interface. This way it is possible to ease mangle configuration - you don't need separate marks for download and upload - only upload will get to Public interface and only download will get to Private interface. 

Also it is possible to have double queuing (example:prioritization of traffic in global-in or global-out, limitation per client on the outgoing interface) If you have simple queues and queue tree in the same HTB - simple queues will get traffic first. 

Queue tree is not ordered - all traffic pass it together.

Flow Identifiers
name (Text) : Unique queue identifier that can be used as parent option value for other queues 
packet-marks (Comma separated list of) : allows to use marked packets from /ip firewall mangle. Take look at this packet flow diagram. You need to make sure that packets are marked before the simple queues (before global-in HTB queue) 


HTB Properties
parent (Name of , or none) : assigns this queue as a child queue for selected target. Target queue can be HTB queue or any other previously created queue 
priority (1..8) : Prioritize one child queue over other child queue. Does not work on parent queues (if queue has at least one child). One is the highest, eight is the lowest priority. Child queue with higher priority will have chance to reach its limit-at before child with lower priority and after that child queue with higher priority will have chance to reach its max-limit before child with lower priority. Priority have nothing to do with bursts. 
queue (SOMETHING) : Choose the type of the queue. Queue types can be created here 
limit-at (NUMBER) : normal data rate that is guaranteed to a target 
max-limit (NUMBER) : maximal data rate that is allowed for a target to reach 
burst-limit (NUMBER) : maximal data rate which can be reached while the burst is active 
burst-time (TIME) : period of time, in seconds, over which the average data rate is calculated. (This is NOT the time of actual burst) 
burst-threshold (NUMBER) : when average data rate is below this value - burst is allowed, as soon as average data rate reach this value - burst is denied. (basically this is burst on/off switch). For optimal burst behavior this value should above limit-at value and below max-limit value 


Statistics
rate (read-only) : average queue passing data rate in bytes per second 
packet-rate (read-only) : average queue passing data rate in packets per second 
bytes (read-only) : number of bytes processed by this queue 
packets (read-only) : number of packets processed by this queue 
queued-bytes (read-only) : number of bytes waiting in the queue 
queued-packets (read-only) : number of packets waiting in the queue 
dropped (read-only) : number of dropped packets 
borrows (read-only) : packets that passed queue over its "limit-at" value (and was unused and taken away from other queues) 
lends (read-only) : packets that passed queue below its "limit-at" value OR if queue is a parent - sum of all child borrowed packets 
pcq-queues (read-only) : number of PCQ substreams, if queue type is PCQ